Optical scope network tells you the division of sniper rifle scopes

In fact, it is mainly to help me remember, and I also hope to help some friends choose sniper scopes. The content is boring, and those who are not interested in precision shooting and friends who play AK directly detour. If there is a problem, summon the beast, and the level is limited. (eg term translation).

In fact, it is mainly to help me remember, and I also hope to help some friends choose sniper scopes. The content is boring, and those who are not interested in precision shooting and friends who play AK directly detour. If there is a problem, summon the beast, and the level is limited. (eg term translation).

Does the scope reticle need lighting?

This is basically a personal preference. Illuminated sniper scopes are generally more expensive, but the advantage is that it is easier to see the divisions in strong light or dim environments. It is very useful for 15 minutes at dawn and dusk, because generally at this time, the light is strong but the wind is smaller, It's a good time for mid-range and long-range shooting.

What is SFP and FFP

Most mirrors are SFP (Second Focus Plane), which means that the reticle (sight line) is engraved on the eyepiece behind, so the size of the reticle is fixed and does not change with the change of magnification. The advantage is that the size of the reticle can be done. Optimization, the thickness is just right, the disadvantage is the differentiation function, such as BDC, Mil Dot (BDC and MilDot will be explained later) can only be used at high magnification. (In fact, it can be used at low magnification, but the calculation will be very troublesome)

FFP (FirstFocus Plane) is the choice of Gao Fushuai. With the same lens, FFP will be much more expensive than SFP. It is engraved on the front end of the objective lens and changes with the magnification. The advantage is that the reticle function can be used at all magnifications. The disadvantage is that the reticle will appear very small at low magnification, especially in strong light, it is very difficult to see clearly. If you choose an FFP mirror, it is recommended to choose an illuminated mirror.

The division of FFP varies with magnification, and the size of SFP division is fixed

Common sniper scope reticle optical sight

Simple cross reticle. Not recommended. If the reticle is too thick, it will cover the target and affect the accuracy; if the reticle is too fine, it will be difficult to see in complex environments, such as jungle or strong light.

Duplex

3 different thick lines of Duplex division

Improved on the Plain Crosshair, the aiming line is thin and thick in the middle, which not only makes up for the shortcomings of the above-mentioned cross reticle, but also makes the eyes involuntarily focus on the reticle. And it can be used as a simple dense point according to the length of the thick and thin reticle. It is recommended for friends who only play within 300 meters and do not want to count ballistics. , Leupold invented this division, but now many companies are doing it, each with a different name. Leupold – Duplex, Nikon – Nikoplex, Burris – Plex, Bushnell – Multi-X, Weaver – Dual-X, Steiner – 7B.

BDC/Ballistic Reticle

On the basis of Plain Crosshair or Duplex, the Bullet Drop Compensation (BDC, Bullet Drop Compensation) point is directly engraved on the lens. It is recommended for friends who often play a type of bomb, within 500 meters, and do not require high accuracy. The advantage is that it can be aimed quickly without any ballistic calculation. For example, when hitting a 300-meter target, it is good to directly use the BDC point corresponding to 300 meters to aim at the target. Also depends on the wind adjustment knob.

A few Ballistic/BDC reticle wind deflection points

In addition, the BDC division has low versatility, and the accuracy of aiming with the BDC point is not very high, because the BDC is based on a specific environment, the trajectory of a specific bullet, and any factors that affect the trajectory, such as altitude, temperature, humidity, bullet change, Changing guns will make the BDC inaccurate. (Although the same caliber ammunition, the short-range deviation is not large). In fact, if you want the BDC function, you can customize the BDC knob. Because changing the BDC knob is much easier than changing the BDC reticle.

Division with small black dots (dense sites). I think it is a comprehensive and good division at present, and I recommend it to everyone. Most snipers now use this reticle or an improved reticle based on the Mil Dot. The dense point division can be used to calculate distance, wind deflection, lead, and bullet drop. Focus on this division.

What is Mil

Mil is an angular unit, similar to MOA (Minute of Angle), and the distance represented by the increase in distance also increases accordingly. 1MOA = 1 inch at 100 yards = 2 inches at 200 yards = 3 inches at 300 yards and so on.

And 1Mil = 3.438 MOA

= 3.6 inches at 100 yards = 7.2 inches at 200 yards = 10.8 inches at 300 yards and so on

= 1 meter at 1000 meters = 2 meters at 2000 meters = 3 meters at 3000 meters and so on

1Mil at 100 meters represents 10 cm Mil increases proportionally with distance

Calculate distance in mils

There are many formulas, the simple ones are:

The actual height or width of the target ÷ the number of mils of the target in the scope × 1000 = target distance

For example: You see a girl, you know that the girl is 1.6 meters tall, you see her height is 4 meters in the sniper scope, then the distance between the girl and you is

1.6÷4×1000 = 400 meters If it is calculated in yards, the unit obtained is also yards.

The difficulty is to first know the actual height or width of the target. This is why snipers note the height of some buildings, trees, utility poles, etc. when surveying. (But now basically use a rangefinder)

Leupold's improved Mil Dot division actually has the function of BDC differentiation

Windage Adjustment with Mill

The formula is

Distance (hundred yards) × wind speed (mph) ÷ 35 = corrected wind deflection (Mil)

Simple and rough calculation, for 308 (7.62NATO) shells,

100 meters=0.1Mil(every 4mph)

200 meters=0.2Mil(every 4mph)

…………………………

600 meters=0.6Mil(every4mph)

For example, if a SCAR17 with a caliber of 7.62NATO is used, the distance is 500 meters, and the wind speed is 12 miles per hour, then the corrected wind deflection is 0.5×(12÷4)=1.5 Mil

After reaching 700 meters, the constant +0.1

For example, if the distance is 800 meters and the wind speed is 8 miles per hour, then the corrected wind deflection is (0.8+01)×(8÷4)=1.8 Mil

Not very accurate but much faster. Mil Dot originated in the military. Compared with police snipers, military snipers are generally less demanding on accuracy, but more focused on aiming and correcting the speed of the trajectory.

Calculate the lead in mils

There are many factors that affect the lead time, and the calculation is a little complicated, so I won't say much. However, within 600 yards, for a .308 175-grain bullet hitting a normal walking target (3 miles per hour), generally hold over 2Mil in the opposite direction of the target walking. If walking diagonally, hold over 1.5 Mil.

In the case of wind, hit 308 rounds and aim at the normal walking target with the second mil point from the middle

Scope Up/Down Compensation

If the shot and the target are not on the same level, the above mil distances will deviate. The specific deviation depends on the ballistic trajectory. But the estimation formula is

45° angle, the actual distance ≈ the measured distance × 0.7

30° angle, the actual distance ≈ the measured distance × 0.9

Of course, the best way to calculate ballistics is to use a ballistics calculator, but it is very expensive. MilDot Mater can be used.

MilDot Master is like a ruler, a simple ballistic calculator

It looks complicated, but it is actually very convenient to use. Below is an example question.

Distance (yards) 100 150 200 250 300 400 500

Drop (inches) +2.1 +1.8 0 -3.4 -8.7 -25.1 -50.7

Go hunting and find a deer, it shows 4.5 mils in the sniper scope, you know this deer is generally 48 inches tall. Above is the ballistic information of the gun in your hand. So how do you hit the deer?

(48÷36) = 1.33 yards 1.33÷4.5×1000 = 296 yards ≈300 yards

Comparing to the ballistic information above, the 300-yard drop is 8.7 inches. 8.7÷3÷3.6 ≈ 0.8Mil

If you don't have a calculator, it's not easy to calculate, but it's much easier to use Mildot Master.

As long as there is ballistic information, using MilDot Master to calculate bullet drop compensation (BDC) is very fast and the deviation is small

After that, you can directly use the corresponding dense point as the aiming point to shoot; or increase the Elevation Turret by 8 grids (for the 0.1Mil knob) and then use the crosshair to aim at the target and shoot.

I think the Mil Dot and its modifications are good sniper reticle sights for the vast majority of people. Mil Dot is highly versatile. The sniper scope with the same Mil Dot reticle can be used with any gun and any bullet. And can quickly and accurately calculate the distance, fall compensation and correction of wind deflection. Especially when the MilDot reticle is used in conjunction with the BDC knob, first use the Mil Dot to calculate the target distance, directly adjust the BDC knob to the corresponding distance, and then use the Mil Dot to fine-tune to correct the wind deflection, advance, etc.